New energy vehicle product types

New energy vehicles include pure electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, hydrogen engine vehicles, etc.

Pure electric vehicles
Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) is a vehicle that uses a single battery as a storage power source. It uses the battery as a storage power source, provides electrical energy to the motor through the battery, drives the motor to run, and thus drives the vehicle to travel. The rechargeable batteries of pure electric vehicles mainly include lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries, which can provide power for pure electric vehicles. At the same time, pure electric vehicles also use batteries to store electrical energy to drive the motor to run normally.

Hybrid electric vehicle
Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), whose main drive system is composed of at least two single drive systems that can operate simultaneously, the driving power of the hybrid vehicle mainly depends on the driving state of the hybrid vehicle: one is provided by a single drive system alone; the second is provided by multiple drive systems together.

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV), under the action of catalyst, fuel cell electric vehicles use hydrogen, methanol, natural gas, gasoline, etc. as reactants and burn with oxygen in the air in the battery, and then the electricity provides the power source for the car. In essence, fuel cell electric vehicles are also one of the electric vehicles. They have many similarities with electric vehicles in many performance and design aspects. They are divided into two categories because fuel cell electric vehicles convert hydrogen, methanol, natural gas, gasoline, etc. into electricity through chemical reactions, while pure electric vehicles rely on charging to supplement electricity.

Hydrogen engine car
Hydrogen energy vehicles are finally here, no refueling or charging, achieving zero pollution and zero emissions
Hydrogen powered vehicles (HPV), mainly use hydrogen powered fuel cells as fuel. Hydrogen powered vehicles are the most environmentally friendly vehicles among new energy vehicles, which can achieve zero pollution and zero emissions. However, the production cost of hydrogen-powered vehicles is too high. The cost of hydrogen-powered vehicles is 20% higher than that of traditional fuel vehicles. In addition, the battery cost of hydrogen-powered vehicles is very high. In actual production, it is difficult to apply them in practice due to the limitations of storage and transportation conditions.

Extended Range Electric Vehicle
Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) is similar to electric vehicles. It uses batteries to provide kinetic energy to the motor to drive the motor and thus propel the vehicle. However, EREVs are equipped with a gasoline or diesel engine in the body. When the battery power of the EREV is too low, the driver can use this engine to replenish the power of the EREV.

Methanol vehicle
A vehicle that uses methanol instead of petroleum fuel.

Pneumatic vehicle
Compressed air-powered vehicle (APV), referred to as pneumatic vehicle, uses high-pressure compressed air as a power source to convert the pressure energy stored in compressed air into other forms of mechanical energy to drive the vehicle. In theory, other gas-powered vehicles that use liquid air and liquid nitrogen as a power source for heat absorption and expansion should also fall into the category of pneumatic vehicles.

Flywheel energy storage vehicle
During the process of vehicle deceleration, coasting or braking, part of the vehicle's kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy is converted into other forms of energy and stored in a high-speed flywheel for vehicle driving. The flywheel uses magnetic suspension and rotates at a high speed of 70,000 r/min. As an auxiliary in hybrid vehicles, the advantages are that it can improve energy efficiency, light weight, high energy storage, fast energy input and output response, less maintenance and long life. The disadvantages are high cost and the steering of the motor vehicle will be affected by the flywheel gyro effect.

Supercapacitor vehicle
Supercapacitor is a capacitor that uses the double-layer principle. Under the action of the electric field generated by the charges on the two plates of the supercapacitor, opposite charges are formed on the interface between the electrolyte and the electrode to balance the internal electric field of the electrolyte. This positive and negative charges are arranged in opposite positions on the contact surface between two different phases with a very short gap between the positive and negative charges. This charge distribution layer is called a double layer, so the capacitance is very large. (This vehicle has been used in the 2010 Shanghai World Expo Park World Expo Line) The hybrid power source composed of supercapacitors and batteries can fully meet the energy needs of vehicles when driving, and can buffer the impact of instantaneous high power on the energy storage system and extend the service life of the battery. In addition, supercapacitors can be charged with instantaneous high currents and can feedback energy more efficiently.